2014年1月SAT真题解析:填空题

时间:2014-12-12 10:42:00   来源:无忧考网     [字体: ]
Section 2

  1. Jim was so opposed to any type of change that he ------- even the most beneficial of -------.

  A. blamed......customs

  B. presented.......inventions

  C. welcomed.......reforms

  D. anticipated.......results

  E. resisted.......improvements

  解析: so....that的因果关系,所以前后同义,第一空应与oppose(反对)同义,第二空是beneficial of...应为正向词,故E合适。

  翻译:Jim 反对任何形式的改变,甚至是有助于提高的(改变也反对)。

  2. Eager to enlist as a soldier during the American Revolution, Deborah Sampson Gannett successfully------- the military’s gender boundary by donning men’s clothing and ------ a male identity.

  A. delineated........flaunting

  B. circumvented........assuming

  C. reinstated.......mimicking

  D. denounced......inventing

  E. skirted........disguising

  解析: 从前半句可知,为了要参军,D这个人成功的怎么样了性别界限,说明这人是个女的,所以规避这组词可选,故第一空B,E正确,第二空,她通过穿上男人的衣服并且要装得像男人,所以排除了disguise(掩饰)。assume 这个词作动词时可翻译为“装,做作”等意思=affect=act。所以正确答案为B

  翻译:Deborah很想注册入伍,她通过穿上男人衣服装扮男性,成功地规避了军队的性别界限。

  3. For a cycling tourist, -------is paramount: situation inevitably arise that require a cyclist to be alert and keen witted.

  A. deference

  B. perseverance

  C. munificence

  D. alacrity

  E. vigilance

  解析:冒号解释题,线索为alert and keen witted。故答案为E。

  翻译:对于一个骑车的旅行者,警惕是至关重要的:这种情况要求车手要机警。

  4. The problem of soil degradation is -------: few, if any, agriculturally important regions are unaffected by it.

  A. recent

  B. modest

  C. subtle

  D. global

  E. finished

  解析:冒号解释题,线索为冒号后:几乎没有地区没被影响,所以土地恶化波及很广,故选D。

  翻译:土地恶化问题波及甚广,几乎没有一个以农业生产为主的地区没有受到影响。   5. Lauren was often labeled easygoing because she tended to appear mild and ------ rather than tense and -------.

  A. sullen......serious

  B. relaxed......excitable

  C. joyful.....intelligent

  D. slow......patient

  E. likable......humorous

  解析:并列关系题,第一空为mild同义词,第二空为tense同义词,或easygoing反义词。两空的逻辑方向也是反的,故答案为A。

  翻译:人们都知道Lauren很随和,因为她喜欢显得温和而轻松而不是很紧绷而易激动。

  6. The poet’s publisher cautioned her against overusing -------language, but the poet preferred the lively, informal dialect of her hometown.

  A. vernacular

  B. superannuated

  C. bombastic

  D. austere

  E. erudite

  解析:转折关系,诗人喜欢用生动和非正式的方言,而出版商警告他不要过多运用什么,故答案为A。 Superannuated之前SAT考试中没有出现过,大家把这个词放到“过时的”意群里去。从词根中我们也可看出super-:over; -ann-:year。

  翻译:出版商警告诗人不要过多运用方言,但是诗人喜欢用自己家乡生动的、不那么正式的家乡话。

  7. Essayist Michel de Montaigne cultivated a contemplative prose style that seems to meander with his thoughts, thereby making his essays------- and filled with ------.

  A. digressive.......tangents

  B. cursory.......ephemera

  C. convoluted......jargon

  D. frenetic......platitudes

  E. aimless.......polemic

  解析:因果关系题,thereby为逻辑线索词。本题的题眼在meander with his thoughts,即与他的思想偏离的,所以他的文章是怎么样的,故答案为A。

  翻译:散文家Michel de Montaigne采用一种看似与他想法背离的冥想的散文方式来写作,因此让他的散文跑题并包含很多不切题的部分。

  8. The book was aptly described as------- because it was instrumental in advancing knowledge about its subject.

  A. seminal

  B. recondite

  C. beguiling

  D. incendiary

  E. inchoate

  解析:因果关系题,空格后说明原因是推进此学科知识的工具书,因此答案为A。Seminal这个词之前在SAT填空部分没有出现过,但如果大家词根掌握的很好就知道这个词与disseminate有关,dis-semin-ate:dis-表示分散,-semin-为种子的意思。所以seminal理解为未来发展及推进的种子,种子就要传播生长,故可译为“有开创性的”。

  翻译:这本书可以被恰当的描述为(像种子般)有开创性,因为它是推广该学科知识的指导书。

  Section 6

  1. It was ------- of the hikers to head out their journey into the wilderness without enough supplies or practical survival experience.

  A. dishonest

  B. reckless

  C. petty

  D. cunning

  E. thrifty

  解析:没有充足供给和生存知识的远足者如果进入荒野将会是怎么样的,故答案为B。

  翻译:远足者在没有充足供给和实际生存知识的情况下进入荒野是鲁莽的,不计后果的。   2. Although daydreaming is generally seen as counterproductive, it can be surprisingly-------, even helping us make progress toward long-term goals.

  A. distracting

  B. infrequent

  C. difficult

  D. useful

  E. simple

  解析:解释题,空格后为此题线索,helping 的同义词为useful,答案为D。

  翻译:尽管白日梦被视为是适得其反的,但它可以是惊人的有用,甚至可以帮助我们朝着长期目标前进。

  3. Some health professionals believe that ------- can be --------by limiting caloric intake: put simply , if you eat moderately, you may live longer.

  A. stamina...... impaired

  B. Endurance.......alleviated

  C. immortality.......averted

  D. longevity........promoted

  E. maturity........established

  解析:冒号解释或目的题,1. by 通过限制卡路里的摄入;2. 冒号后解释“吃的少,活的长”。 所以看到live longer,第一空基本可以确定了,故D为正确选项。

  翻译:一些健康专家认为寿命可以通过限制卡路里的摄入来提高:简单点说就是吃的少,活的长。

  4. Stinkbugs, as their name suggests, are capable of secreting a -------- chemical to ward off predators.

  A. malignant

  B. debilitating

  C. malodorous

  D. fragmentary

  E. phosphorescent

  解析:SAT中的典型题目:名字题。当题干中出现书名,地名或Nickname并题目让你注意这些名字时(as their name suggests),名字即为线索。Stinkbug臭虫,stink为恶臭的意思,故答案为C。可通过词根mal+odor来分析此词。E选项是新考词汇,意思是“发磷光的”

  通过词根也可看出“-phos-=-phot-:光”,-phor- means “to carry”,所以这个词基本意思为“to carry light”,带着光的(尤指夜光)。

  翻译:臭虫,正如它的名字所指,可以分泌出一种恶臭的化学物质来抵御捕食者。

  5. Mae West bold disregard for popular conventions and norms during her film career earned her reputation for --------.

  A. tenaciousness

  B. audacity

  C. voraciousness

  D. amiability

  E. complacency

  解析:题干说M这个人通过什么获得的...名誉,所以前面的bold是线索词。答案选Bold同义词B选项。

  翻译:Mae West在她的电影生涯中大胆地无视了流行的传统观念,帮助她赢得了胆大的称呼。

  Section 8

  1. As a child, anthropologist Mireya Mayor was expected to practice piano regularly, a most ------- task for someone who preferred to play outdoors.

  A. galvanizing

  B. grueling

  C. embarrassing

  D. diverting

  E. ingratiating

  解析:题干说对于喜欢在户外活动的人来说,定期练习钢琴是一件什么任务,闲不住的人当然觉得练习很累了,所以空格选负向词grueling“繁重而累人的”。故答案为B。

  翻译:还是一个孩子的时候,人类学家Mireya Mayor被期望能在家里定期练习钢琴,这对一个喜欢户外运动的人来说是一个繁重而累人的任务。   2. The immersion of young people of the Hmong American communities into mainstream society and politics has caused a -------- of leadership roles, with the traditional preeminence of the elders increasingly------- by new ideas.

  A. disappearance.......buoyed

  B. shifting........challenged

  C. vanishing........manifested

  D. transformation........detailed

  E. stagnation........curtailed

  解析:此题从第二空突破比较简单,传统的老年位高权重会被新思想怎么样,所以第二空一定是负向的“挑战”之类的词,再看第一空shifting转变很合适,故答案为B。

  翻译:年轻人融入主流社会及政坛导致了领导角色的转变,传统的老年人位高权重的情况将被新思潮挑战。

  3. Seymour worked with--------, almost crushing thoroughness: every step of the complex project was carried out with unremitting-------.

  A. exhaustive........exactitude

  B. impromptu.......documentation

  C. astounding.......simulation

  D. profound......evasion

  E. informal.......perfectionism

  解析:第一空解释,线索词为后面的thoroughness,故从第一空就能看出为A。Exhaustive为详尽的。因为详尽,所以第二空选精确。

  翻译:Seymour工作很细致详尽,详尽到了把一件事情掰开了揉碎了(crushing)分析:一项复杂项目的每一步都执行的精确无误。

  4. In 1972, a leading American university offered two courses in Black studies; in 1985 it offered 21 such courses, a change exemplifying the -------of minority studies since 1970s.

  A. rarity

  B. convergence

  C. incredulity

  D. prognostication

  E. proliferation

  解析:此题exemplify证明前后同义,前面的两个数据的变化2到21说明了答案应该为:E。

  翻译:1972年美国顶尖大学提供两个黑人研究的课程;1985年课程扩大到了21个,这个变化说明了少数群体的研究自从70年代增长了。

  5. Some feminist theorists believe that patriarchy is -------- reality rather than a permanent state.

  A. a transitory

  B. a perpetual

  C. an immutable

  D. an idealistic

  E. an intemperate

  解析:对比关系,rather than 前后要选反义词,故空格应选permanent的反义词,答案为A。

  翻译:一些女权主义理论家认为,男性掌权是一个短暂的事实而不是一个永远的状态。

  6. Although a few biologist have ------ some mind flaws in this method of classifying specimens, it nevertheless an -------- procedure to follow.

  A. spurned.......untenable

  B. expunged.......infallible

  C. lamented.......efficacious

  D. rectified........indubitable

  E. accentuated.......erroneous

  解析:转折关系题,第一空选动词,宾语为mind flaws(思维错误)所以动词应该是负向这个错误,后面转折,不管怎样这个方法是个什么样的步骤,应该是个正向形容词,所以B,C,D 都可以选,但B,D两个词的意思是“准确无误的,完全没有错的”跟前面flaw矛盾,故答案为C。

  翻译:尽管少数生物学家痛惜这种物种分类方法中的思维错误,但不管怎样它的步骤是有效的。