Below are questions 1-19. To see an explanation for each question, please refer to the explanation link below the question or select explanations on the navigation bar to the left. Questions 1. [OxNx] During a TFTP transfer using Cisco Routers what is the numeric value, in decimal, of the destination port field of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header?
a) 96 b) 47 c) a random number above 1024 d) 69 e) none of the above
2. [CxNx] What is the standard encapsulation method used by Cisco routers for the Internet Protocol (IP) on it’s Ethernet interfaces? a) SNAP b) ARPA c) NOVELL-ETHER d) DARPA e) Ethernet_802.3
3. [CxNx] What will be the correct command on a Cisco router to set the IP address of an interface assuming you are at the "router(config-if)#" prompt? a) ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 b) ip address 1.1.1.1 c) ip 1.1.1.1 d) ip 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 e) none of the above
4. [CxNx] Which commands will display the IP addresses of all interfaces on a Cisco Router? (Choose all that apply) a) show ip route b) show ip address c) show ip interface d) show interface e) display ip addresses
5. [CxNx] Which of the following commands will display the contents of the ARP cache of your Cisco router?
a) show ip arp cache b) show ip route c) show ip arp d) show arp e) there is no way to display the ARP cache
6. [CxNx] Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is the process:
a) Where an IP host resolves it’s IP address by broadcasting it’s MAC address to the network and a BOOTP server assigns it an IP address. b) Where an IP host resolves it’s MAC address by broadcasting to the local network it’s IP address. c) Where an IP host tries to resolve the MAC address of a destination by sending a network broadcast. The destination responds to the broadcast with it’s MAC address. d) Where an IP host resolves a destination IP address by sending a broadcast on the local network and the destination host responds with it’s IP address. e)There is no such process.
7. [OxNx] Which of the following applications requires the connection-oriented layer four protocol, TCP? (Choose all that apply)
a) Telnet b) FTP c) TFTP d) SNMP e) none of the above
8. [RxNx] Which of the following are link state Routing Protocols. (Choose all that apply.)
a) IP b) OSPF c) RIP d) EIGRP e) IS-IS
9. [CxNx] Of the following commands, identify the correct one for clearing the IP arp table in memory of the router.
a) clear ip arp-cache b) clear ip arp-table c) clear arp-cache d) clear arp-table e) clear arp-ram
10. [CxNx] Which of the following explains the correct definition of administrative distance as it pertains to Cisco’s IOS?
a) The process by which routers select an administrator for an autonomous system. b) The process where a router will select the best path to a destination network. c) The process where a router will distance itself from other routers due to it’s lack of administrative experience. d) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance will take priority. e) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the highest administrative distance will take priority.
11. [ExNx] Collisions occur when
a) multiple packets are placed on a serial link b) multiple stations listen for traffic and transmit at the same time c) when multiple tokens are on a ring simultaneously d) beaconing process takes place
12. [RINx] How many subnets are possible with a Class C address and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.252?
a) 32 b) 30 c) 60 d) 62 e) 4
13. [RxNx] What commands will list all protocols that are currently being routed? (Choose all that apply.)
a) show ip protocol b) show protocol c) show run d) show start e) All of the above
14. [xxNx] Which of the following are true of access lists?
a) Access list should have at least one permit statement. b) The last configured line should always be a permit statement. c) Every access-list will implicitly deny all traffic. d) Access-lists are processed top down. e) All of the above.
15. [xxNx] If the access-group command is configured on an interface and there is no access-list created which of the following is most correct?
a) An error message will appear. b) The command will be executed and deny all traffic out. c) The command will be executed and permit all traffic out. d) The command will be executed and permit all traffic in and out. e) The command will be executed and deny all traffic in and out.
16. [xxNx] What is the result of the command?
" access-list 101 permit tcp any 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 established"
a) telnet sessions will be permitted regardless of the source address b) telnet sessions will be denied regardless of the source address c) telnet sessions will be denied if initiated from any address other than 172.16.0.0 network d) telnet sessions will be permitted to the 172.16.0.0 network only e) telnet sessions will be denied to the 172.16.0.0 network only
17. [xxNx] Which is generally true of the location of access-lists? (Choose all that apply.)
a) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the destination. b) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the source. c) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the destination. d) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the source. e) It does not matter.
18. [RxNx] Which of the following is most correct?
a) IP is to TCP. as IPX is to SPX. b) RTMP is to Appletalk as IP RIP is to IP. c) NLSP is to IPX as OSPF is to IP. d) a is true. e) b is true. f) a & b are true. g) c is true. h) b & c are true. i) a, b and c are true.
19. [ExNx] If Host A sends a packet to Host B over ethernet and Host B is not active:
a) The packet will time out. b) The packet will be removed by Host A. c) The NVRAM of Host B will remove the packet. d) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator. e) The packet will be removed by the token monitor.
Coding Key and Information
The first character represents the category of question.
A - ATM B - Bridging C - Cisco specific E - Ethernet F - Frame relay H - HDLC I - FDDI N - ISDN O - OSI model P - PPP R - Routing S - Switching T - Token ring X - X.25 x - Not applicable
The second character represents protocol.
A - Appletalk B - Banyan Vines D - Decnet I - IP L - Dial on Demand N - NLSP O - OSPF X - IPX x - Not Applicable
The third character represents the certification that the question will help you prepare for.
N - CCNA Exam #640-407 P - CCNP Advanced Cisco Router Configuration (ACRC) Exam 640-403 Cisco LAN Switch Configuration (CLSC) Exam #640-404 Cisco Monitoring and Troubleshooting Dial-up Services Exam #640-405 Cisco Internetworking Troubleshooting ( CIT) Exam #640-406
D - CCDA & CCDP Cisco Design Specialist Exam #9E0-004 Cisco Internetwork Design#640-025
We will reserve the fourth character for future use.
As an example, when you come across a question coded "BXDx", it signifies a question that will help you gain the CCDA or CCDP certification. 1. [OxNx] During a TFTP transfer using Cisco Routers what is the numeric value, in decimal, of the destination port field of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header?
a) 96 b) 47 c) a random number above 1024 d) 69 e) none of the above
Answer d) 69
Here is a sampling of other port numbers and the application they are associated with. The first 8 of these protocols are automatically forwarded through the router by using the helper-address command
Trivial File Transfer (TFTP) (port 69) Domain Name System (port 53) IEN-116 Name Server (port 42) Time service (port 37) NetBIOS Name Server (port 137) NetBIOS Datagram Server (port 138) Boot Protocol (BootP) client and server datagrams (port 67) TACACS service (port 49) Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (25) File Transfer Protocol (21) Simple Network Management Protocol (161)
2. [CxNx] What is the standard encapsulation method used by Cisco routers for the Internet Protocol (IP) on it’s Ethernet interfaces?
a) SNAP b) ARPA c) NOVELL-ETHER d) DARPA e) Ethernet_802.3
Answer b) ARPA
SNAP is the default encapsulation for a token ring interface NOVELL-ETHER is the default encapsulation for a ipx interface.
3. [CxNx] What will be the correct command on a Cisco router to set the IP address of an interface assuming you are at the "router(config-if)#" prompt?
a) ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 b) ip address 1.1.1.1 c) ip 1.1.1.1 d) ip 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 e) none of the above
Answer a) ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
If you are not in the configuration mode, the ip address can be set by using the setup mode.
Configuring interface Ethernet0/0: Is this interface in use? [yes]: Configure IP on this interface? [yes]: IP address for this interface [10.10.10.1]: 10.10.10.1 Number of bits in subnet field [16]: 16 Class A network is 10.0.0.0, 16 subnet bits; mask is /24
Take note when using the setup mode the mask is configured using the number of subnet bits.
4. [CxNx] Which commands will display the IP addresses of all interfaces on a Cisco Router? (Choose all that apply)
a) show ip route b) show ip address c) show ip interface d) show interface e) display ip addresses
Answer c) show ip interface d) show interface
Examples of each of these commands are shown below:
Router_A#sh int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is AmdP2, address is
0010.7b15.bd41
(bia 0010.7b15.bd41)
Internet address is 10.10.10.1/24
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit,
DLY 1000 usec,
rely 255/255, load 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set,
keepalive set (10 sec)
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
Last input never, output 00:00:06,
output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface"
counters never
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue 0/40, 0 drops;
input queue 0/75,
0 drops
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec,
0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec,
0 packets/sec
0 packets input, 0 bytes,
0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts,
0 giants,
0 throttles, 0 input errors, 0 CRC,
0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored,
0 abort
0 input packets with dribble
condition detected
127 packets output, 11802 bytes,
0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions,
2 interface resets
0 babbles, 0 late collision,
0 deferred
0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier
0 output buffer failures, 0 output
buffers swapped out Router_A#sh ip int e0/0
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet address is 10.10.10.1/24
Broadcast address is 255.255.255.255
Address determined by
non-volatile memory
MTU is 1500 bytes
Helper address is not set
Directed broadcast forwarding is enabled
Outgoing access list is not set
Inbound access list is not set
Proxy ARP is enabled
Security level is default
Split horizon is enabled
ICMP redirects are always sent
ICMP unreachables are always sent
ICMP mask replies are never sent
IP fast switching is enabled
IP fast switching on the same
interface is disabled
IP multicast fast switching is enabled
Router Discovery is disabled
IP output packet accounting is disabled
IP access violation accounting is
disabled
TCP/IP header compression is disabled
Probe proxy name replies are disabled
Gateway Discovery is disabled
Policy routing is disabled
Network address translation is disabled
5. [CxNx] Which of the following commands will display the contents of the ARP cache of your Cisco router?
a) show ip arp cache b) show ip route c) show ip arp d) show arp e) there is no way to display the ARP cache
Answer c) show ip arp
Example: Router_A#sh ip arp Protocol Address Age(min) Hardware Address Type Interface Internet 1.1.1.2 - 0010.7b15.bd50 ARPA FastEthernet1/0 Internet 10.10.10.1 - 0010.7b15.bd41 ARPA Ethernet0/0
6. [CxNx] Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) is the process:
a) Where an IP host resolves it’s IP address by broadcasting it’s MAC address to the network and a BOOTP server assigns it an IP address. b) Where an IP host resolves it’s MAC address by broadcasting to the local network it’s IP address. c) Where an IP host tries to resolve the MAC address of a destination by sending a network broadcast. The destination responds to the broadcast with it’s MAC address. d) Where an IP host resolves a destination IP address by sending a broadcast on the local network and the destination host responds with it’s IP address. e)There is no such process.
Answer a) Where an IP host resolves it’s IP address by broadcasting it’s MAC address to the network and a BOOTP server assigns it an IP address.
Choice C describes Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). A host never has to resolve it’s own MAC address. The MAC address is burned into the Network Interface card. When the host is booted the MAC address will be loaded into memory.
7. [OxNx] Which of the following applications requires the connection-oriented layer four protocol, TCP? (Choose all that apply)
a) Telnet b) FTP c) TFTP d) SNMP e) none of the above
Answer a) Telnet b) FTP
TFTP and SNMP use layer 4 UDP.
8. [RxNx] Which of the following are link state Routing Protocols. (Choose all that apply.)
a) IP b) OSPF c) RIP d) EIGRP e) IS-IS
Answer b) OSPF e) IS-IS A link state routing protocol advertises, to it’s neighbors, the state of the link when the state of the link changes.
A distance vector routing protocol advertises its routing table periodically.
9. [CxNx] Of the following commands, identify the correct one for clearing the IP arp table in memory of the router.
a) clear ip arp-cache b) clear ip arp-table c) clear arp-cache d) clear arp-table e) clear arp-ram
Answer c) clear arp-cache
If you have changed an ip address or a NIC card on a host you might use this command to reset the cache.
10. [CxNx] Which of the following explains the correct definition of administrative distance as it pertains to Cisco’s IOS?
a) The process by which routers select an administrator for an autonomous system. b) The process where a router will select the best path to a destination network. c) The process where a router will distance itself from other routers due to it’s lack of administrative experience. d) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance will take priority. e) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the highest administrative distance will take priority.
Answer d) The process where a router will prioritize routing protocols so that in the event two routing protocols have conflicting next hop addresses, the routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance will take priority.
Cisco uses administrative distances (AD) to measure the reliability of the routing protocol. The lower the (AD) the more reliable the protocol.
Router_C#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static,
I - IGRP, R - RIP,
M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF,
IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF
NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1,
E2 - OSPF external type 2,
E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1,
L2 - IS-IS level-2, * -
candidate default
U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set 172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.1.0 is directly connected,
Serial1
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected,
Serial0
I 10.0.0.0/8 [100/8576] via 172.16.1.1,
00:00:09, Serial1
[100/8576] via 172.16.2.1, 00:00:19,
Serial0
The 100 in bold is the administrative
distance for IGRP. A partial list of administrative distances is included below: Protocol AD EIGRP 90
IGRP 100
OSPF 110
RIP 120
BGP 180
If a router hears a IP RIP and a IGRP update for the same network the router will discard the rip information. IP RIP uses hop count as it’s metric, while IGRP uses a composite metric including bandwidth and load, speed is the primary consideration.
11. [ExNx] Collisions occur when
a) multiple packets are placed on a serial link b) multiple stations listen for traffic and transmit at the same time c) when multiple tokens are on a ring simultaneously d) beaconing process takes place
Answer b) multiple stations listen for traffic and transmit at the same time
Collisions is a term that is used in an ethernet environment. Ethernet can be described as a listen then transmit scenario. First a station will listen for traffic if no traffic is sensed then a transmission will take place. If two stations transmit at the same time collisions will occur. The first station to detect the collision sends out a jamming signal to alert all stations a collision has occurred. At this point these stations set up a random interval timer when the timer expires re-transmission will occur.
Token ring is a token passing process a station can transmit only when he has the token. There never can be multiple tokens on the ring. Early token release allows up to two data frames to be transmitted on a token ring LAN at the same time. Collisions do not occur on a token ring.
Because of the point to point nature of serial links collisions do not occur.
Beaconing is a term used in a token passing environment.
12. [RINx] How many subnets are possible with a Class C address and a subnet mask of 255.255.255.252?
a) 32 b) 30 c) 60 d) 62 e) 4
Answer d) 62
The above mask is using 6 bits to describe subnets. The formula used to determine the number of subnets (not including the all 0’s or all 1’s subnet) is 2n - 2 were n is the number of subnet bits. This is the number to use when configuring a ip address with the setup dialog.
13. [RxNx] What commands will list all protocols that are currently being routed? (Choose all that apply.)
a) show ip protocol b) show protocol c) show run d) show start e) All of the above
Answer b) show protocol c) show run
Show ip protocol will show just the ip routing protocols that are currently configured. Show start may or may not show the current routed protocols.
Below is the output of show protocol
Router_B#show protocol Global values: Internet Protocol routing is enabled Appletalk routing is enabled BRI0 is administratively down, line protocol is down BRI0:1 is administratively down, line protocol is down BRI0:2 is administratively down, line protocol is down Serial0 is administratively down, line protocol is down Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down Serial2 is administratively down, line protocol is down Serial3 is administratively down, line protocol is down TokenRing0 is administratively down, line protocol is down
14. [xxNx] Which of the following are true of access lists?
a) Access list should have at least one permit statement. b) The last configured line should always be a permit statement. c) Every access-list will implicitly deny all traffic. d) Access-lists are processed top down. e) All of the above.
Answer e) All of the above.
Every access list has an implicit deny all at the end. What would the need be to create a access list with just deny statements. Access-list are processed from the top down therefore the order of each statement could be critical, for instance suppose you created an access list and the first line was a permit any and the next line was a deny. Since it’s top down processing a packet would be permitted to pass on the first line and the second line would never be executed. An extended list will give you a "match count" that will help in determining what the most efficient order should be.
15. [xxNx] If the access-group command is configured on an interface and there is no access-list created which of the following is most correct?
a) An error message will appear. b) The command will be executed and deny all traffic out. c) The command will be executed and permit all traffic out. d) The command will be executed and permit all traffic in and out. e) The command will be executed and deny all traffic in and out.
Answer d) The command will be executed and permit all traffic in and out. There are two steps to use an access list .
1. Create the list
2. Place the access list on a interface
The analogy I use in class is:
Suppose you reside in a gated community. The community is not protected until you hire the guard and then place him at the gate. If you hire the guard and never place him at the gate all traffic will be permitted.
When there is no access list on an interface it is implicit permit any When an access list is placed on a interface it is implicit deny any
16. [xxNx] What is the result of the command?
" access-list 101 permit tcp any 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255 established"
a) telnet sessions will be permitted regardless of the source address b) telnet sessions will be denied regardless of the source address c) telnet sessions will be denied if initiated from any address other than 172.16.0.0 network d) telnet sessions will be permitted to the 172.16.0.0 network only e) telnet sessions will be denied to the 172.16.0.0 network only
Answer c) telnet sessions will be denied if initiated from any address other than 172.16.0.0 network
The secret to this question is the key word "established." Established means that the packet will be permitted unless it is the first part of the three way handshake. Recall that when we initiate a TCP connection we have no ACK. How can we acknowledge a sequence number from the other side when we have not established a session with him?
17. [xxNx] Which is generally true of the location of access-lists? (Choose all that apply.)
a) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the destination. b) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the source. c) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the destination. d) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the source. e) It does not matter.
Answer a) Standard lists will most likely be placed close to the destination. d) Extended lists will most likely be placed close to the source.
A standard list will only check the source address. It makes no difference where the packet is going. If you place a standard list close to the source you could very well be denying that traffic to go to other destinations. An extended list can be placed close to the source because we can permit or deny traffic based upon the source and destination address. This insures that only traffic we wish to have denied is denied.
18. [RxNx] Which of the following is most correct?
a) IP is to TCP. as IPX is to SPX. b) RTMP is to Appletalk as IP RIP is to IP. c) NLSP is to IPX as OSPF is to IP. d) a is true. e) b is true. f) a & b are true. g) c is true. h) b & c are true. i) a, b and c are true.
Answer i) a, b and c are true.
19. [ExNx] If Host A sends a packet to Host B over ethernet and Host B is not active:
a) The packet will time out. b) The packet will be removed by Host A. c) The NVRAM of Host B will remove the packet. d) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator. e) The packet will be removed by the token monitor.
Answer d) The packet will "die" when it reaches the terminator.
