2， 而且，保护资源是全球的问题，指望单个国家作出牺牲是不够的。因为在全球化经济发展下，资源几乎是全球运转的。比如，美国会向中国进口木材等原料。所以需要合作。大的跨国公司在其中扮演重要的角色。比如，开发非洲的，有很多是欧洲的公司，跨国公司的举动会影响到很多国家的经济政策。nuclear weapons proliferation the problem of energy conservation transcends the national borders in that either all nations must cooperate， or all will suffer.（sample上的句子）
3， 当然，这样是不够的，必须由各个国家充分地发挥主动的作用take positive action。因为资源是全人类的，每个国家都有责任并且都有必要。只有将统一领导与各国的积极性作用一起结合，才是最effective的方法。
北美范文：
The speaker asserts that an international effort is needed to preserve the world’s energy resources for future generations. While individual nations， like people， are at times willing to make voluntary sacrifices for the benefit of others， my view is that international coordination is nevertheless necessary in light ofthe strong propensity of nations to act selfishly， and because the problem is international in scope.
The main reason why an international effort is necessary is that， left to their own devices， individual nations， like people， will act according to their short-term motives and self-interest. The mere existence of military weapons indicates that self-interest and national survival are every nation’s prime drivers. And excessive consumption by industrialized nations of natural resources they know to be finite， when alternatives are at hand demonstrates that self-interest and short-sightedness extend to the use of energy resources as well. Furthermore， nations， like people， tend to rationalize their own self-serving policies and actions. Emerging nations might argue， for example， that they should be exempt fromenergy conservation because it is the industrialized nations who can better afford to make sacrifices and who use more resources in the first place.
Another reason why an international effort is required is that other problems of an international nature have also required global cooperation. For example， has each nation independently recognized the follyof nuclear weapons proliferation and voluntarily disarmed？ No： only by way of an international effort， based largely on coercion of strong leaders against detractors， along with an appeal to self-interest， have we made some progress. By the same token， efforts of individual nations to thwart international drug trafficking have proven largely futile， because efforts have not been internationally based. Similarly， the problem of energy conservation transcends national borders in that either all nations must cooperate， or all will ultimately suffer.
In conclusion， nations are made up of individuals who， when left unconstrained， tend to act in their own self-interest and with short-term motives. In light of how we have dealt， or not dealt， with other global problems， it appears that an international effort is needed to ensure the preservation of natural resources for future generations.41. Portrayals of violence have proven commercially successful in television
programs， movies， songs， and other forms of popular entertainment. Therefore，
those who create popular entertainment should continue to incorporate violence
into their products.
中文的大概意思是－在电视节目、电影、歌曲及其他形式的大众娱乐节目中加入暴力被证明是成功的商业模式。因此，那些创做流行的娱乐节目的人应该继续将其纳入到自己的产品中去。
考古：
Popular entertainment is overly influenced by commercial interests. Superficiality， obscenity， and violence characterize films and televsion today
because those qualities are commercially successful.
北美范文：
Clearly， most popular films and television shows are superficial and/or include a certain amount of violence or obscenity. Just as clearly， popularity leads to commercial success. But can we conclude that these productions are overly influenced by commercial interests？ Perhaps not， since some popular films and television shows are neither superficial， obscene， nor violent. Closer scrutiny，
however， reveals that most such productionsactually support， not disprove， the thesis that commercial interests dictate movie and television content.
（有必要作这样的二次转折？）
